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6.4 Savings & Retirement Plans

6.4 Savings & Retirement Plans
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  • 1. Savings Account

    You deposit $1000 into a savings account. The savings account earns 5%, compounded monthly. Find the balance in the account after each time period. (See Example 1.)

    1. 10 years
    2. 20 years
    • Worked-Out Solution

      Use the formula for compound interest.

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      _  __     ___     _    _     _____     _  __  
     | |/ //   / _ \\  | || | ||  |  ___||  | |/ // 
     | ' //   / //\ \\ | || | ||  | ||__    | ' //  
     | . \\  |  ___  ||| \\_/ ||  | ||__    | . \\  
     |_|\_\\ |_||  |_|| \____//   |_____||  |_|\_\\ 
     `-` --` `-`   `-`   `---`    `-----`   `-` --` 
                                                    
    
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  • 2. Savings Account

    Suppose that you deposit $1000 into a savings account. The savings account earns 6%, compounded monthly. Find the balance in the account after each time period. (See Example 1.)

    1. 10 years
    2. 20 years
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                 ___      ______    ______    _____   
      ____      / _ \\   /_   _//  /_   _//  /  ___|| 
     |    \\   | / \ ||    | ||     -| ||-  | // __   
     | [] ||   | \_/ ||   _| ||     _| ||_  | \\_\ || 
     |  __//    \___//   /__//     /_____//  \____//  
     |_|`-`     `---`    `--`      `-----`    `---`   
     `-`                                              
    
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  • 3. Savings Account

    You deposit $1000 into a savings account. The savings account earns 5.5%, compounded monthly. Your friend deposits $700 into a savings account that earns 7.5%, compounded monthly. Which account has the greater balance after 15 years? (See Example 1.)

    • Worked-Out Solution

      Use the formula for compound interest.

      Your Account:

      Your Friend's Account:

      Your account has a greater balance after 15 years.

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      _____    _    _     _____     _____     _____   
     /  ___|| | || | ||  / ____||  |  ___||  / ____|| 
    | // __   | || | || / //---`'  | ||__   / //---`' 
    | \\_\ || | \\_/ || \ \\___    | ||__   \ \\___   
     \____//   \____//   \_____||  |_____||  \_____|| 
      `---`     `---`     `----`   `-----`    `----`  
                                                      
    
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  • 4. Savings Account

    Suppose that you deposit $1000 into a savings account. The savings account earns 6.5%, compounded monthly. Your friend deposits $600 into a savings account that earns 8%, compounded monthly. Which account has the greater balance after 40 years? (See Example 1.)

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      _____    __   __   ______    _    _      _____  
     /  ___||  \ \\/ // |      \\ | || | ||   / ___// 
    | // __     \ ` //  |  --  // | || | ||   \___ \\ 
    | \\_\ ||    | ||   |  --  \\ | \\_/ ||   /    // 
     \____//     |_||   |______//  \____//   /____//  
      `---`      `-`'   `------`    `---`   `-----`   
                                                      
    
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  • 5. Purchase of Manhattan

    According to legend, in 1626, Peter Minuit purchased Manhattan Island from Native Americans for $24 worth of trade goods. Suppose the $24 had been deposited into a savings account earning 7%, compounded annually. How much would be in the account in 2014? (See Example 2.)

    • Worked-Out Solution

      From 1626 to 2014 is 388 years. Use the formula for compound interest.

      So, about $6 trillion would be in the account in 2014.

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      ______     ___     __   __    _____    __   _   
     /_   _//   / _ \\   \ \\/ //  |  ___|| | || | || 
       | ||    | / \ ||   \   //   | ||__   | '--' || 
      _| ||    | \_/ ||   / . \\   | ||__   | .--. || 
     /__//      \___//   /_//\_\\  |_____|| |_|| |_|| 
     `--`       `---`    `-`  --`  `-----`  `-`  `-`  
                                                      
    
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  • 6. Gift for the Future

    You deposit $3000 into a savings account that earns 5%, compounded annually, for future generations of your family. How much will be in the account after 200 years? (See Example 2.)

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     _    _     _____     ____      ______    _  _   
    | |  | ||  |  ___||  |  _ \\   /_   _//  | \| || 
    | |/\| ||  | ||__    | |_| ||   -| ||-   |  ' || 
    |  /\  ||  | ||__    | .  //    _| ||_   | .  || 
    |_// \_||  |_____||  |_|\_\\   /_____//  |_|\_|| 
    `-`   `-`  `-----`   `-` --`   `-----`   `-` -`  
                                                     
    
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  • 7. Investment by an Ancestor

    Suppose that 350 years ago, 1 of your ancestors deposited $1 into a savings account earning 6%, compounded annually. How much would be in the savings account today? (See Example 2.)

    • Worked-Out Solution

      Use the formula for compound interest.

      How is that possible? The point is that 6% annual interest is a high rate, especially during the past 350 years. During the first 250 of those years, the rate of inflation was low.

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     ______      ___     __   __    ______   ______   
    |      \\   / _ \\   \ \\/ //  /_   _// |      \\ 
    |  --  //  / //\ \\   \   //    -| ||-  |  --  // 
    |  --  \\ |  ___  ||  / . \\    _| ||_  |  --  \\ 
    |______// |_||  |_|| /_//\_\\  /_____// |______// 
    `------`  `-`   `-`  `-`  --`  `-----`  `------`  
                                                      
    
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  • 8. Compounding a Penny

    Suppose that 500 years ago, the equivalent of 1 penny had been deposited into a savings account earning 8%, compounded annually. How much would be in the savings account today? (See Example 2.)

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    __    __   __   __   _    _      ___    __    __  
    \ \\ / //  \ \\/ // | \  / ||   / _ \\  \ \\ / // 
     \ \/ //    \ ` //  |  \/  ||  / //\ \\  \ \/ //  
      \  //      | ||   | .  . || |  ___  ||  \  //   
       \//       |_||   |_|\/|_|| |_||  |_||   \//    
        `        `-`'   `-`  `-`  `-`   `-`     `     
                                                      
    
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